Viñales National Park declared Cultural Landscape and World Heritage by UNESCO because of the way its natural features have been integrated with the activities that the valley’s farmers have engaged in over the centuries. Their impressive mogotes (tall, rounded, flat-topped heights with vertical sides) stand in sharp contrast to the red-soil plains at their bases. This area contains the oldest rocks in the country, and many fossils of marine reptiles, mollusks and fish from the Jurassic Period have been found here.

Cave of the Indian is crossed by the San Juan River (navigable). Visitors enter the cave through a narrow opening and follow a well-beaten, dimly lighted stone trail for 255 meters (842 feet), narrowing and widening until you reach a high-ceilinged grotto and an underground river. You board a boat here for a short cruise (300 meters [990 feet]) past illuminated stalagmites. The boat takes you out of the cave through a narrow, vine-draped opening in the rock. 

Across the massive rock face of Mogote Dos Hermanas, Diego Rivera disciple Leovigildo González (or the 25 farmers he directed) painted this immense—200 x 300 meters (660 x 990 feet)—luridly colored mural of prehistoric men and creatures, between 1959 and 1962. In this Mural, Cuban artists have portrayed pre-historical moments of the territory, where archeologists and some other researchers have found evidences of the geological development along millions of years. As part of the comfortable environment amidst the countryside it boasts an assorted cafeteria and a restaurant, plus the charming camping Dos Hermanas. 

This slightly oddball, 100-year-old garden surrounds a farmhouse on the northern edge of town. It was started by a man, whose daughters both lived here into their nineties and created an idiosyncratic world for themselves. Billows of bougainvillea blossoms, flowering shrubs, and fruit trees are populated by dolls and toys, mostly threadbare now and even a little macabre in places. It's not terribly tidy but it is interesting, with chickens clucking around and gardeners at work. After a stroll through the shady garden, you can sit on wicker chairs and sample some fruits. The house is full of antique furniture and photos, which a grand-niece of the sisters will happily show you.